Gang Violence Essay - 996 Words

Gang Violence Gangs are becoming a growing problem in American society. More young people are turning to gangs to solve problems in their lives. When youths join gangs they drop social activities with family, friends and school. Members fall behind their classmates in school and do not try. A study shows that less than 1% of gang bangers is literate1. Gangs destroy teenager lives and destroy their chances for a good education and happy life. Gangs are now a haven for rats. Teenagers are joining gangs every day. They join gangs for many reasons. A former gang member known as G-Ball was very young when he joined a his gang. He and a friend would play a game. They would pose as gang members to be cool. Then police†¦show more content†¦A school in Baytown, Texas has banned its students from wearing the following gang clothing -Solid red or black shirt with pants or skirt -Solid red or white shirt over a black shirt -Red and black flannel shirt or jacket -Blue and black flannel shirt or jacket -Clothing with Chicago Bulls, White Sox, Los Angles Raiders, Kings, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, or University of Miami Logos Everyone believes these types of clothes are worn by gang members. But what if they start wearing 3-piece suits or Mickey Mouse T-shirts? When will it end. Richard Sallivan, 40.3 Many gangs use hand signs (like sign language). Signs are flashed to gang members or to rival gangs. These signs say we are number one, or Power. They also have signs to show victory and a primo sign after a fight or gang war. Signs can represent gang names. Some examples are Mafia Crips, Athens Park Boys, or the Underground crip. Signs are shown below. While gangs grow and get more powerful, what is being done? City police departments play a big role in stopping violence and drugs. The most popular program for school aged children is the D.A.R.E. (Drug Abuse Resistance Education). D.A.R.E. teaches kids that violence and drugs are not a good way of life. This program takes place in grades 4-8. In the Phoenix Police Department they support the G.R.E.A.T. Program. It teaches children avoidance of drugs and gangs. ItShow MoreRelatedThe Violence Of Gangs And Gangs1377 Words   |  6 PagesGangs have become one of the nation’s fastest growing problems within recent history. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation about 33,000 violent street gangs, motorcycle gangs, and prison gangs with about 2.4 million members are criminally active in the U.S. today. They use violence to control neighborhoods and boost their illegal moneymaking activities, which include but are not limited to: robbery, drug and gun trafficking, fraud, extortion, and prostitute rings. With as much researchRead MoreGangs: Crime and Gang Violence1549 Words   |  7 PagesGangs Gangs are a violent reality that people have to deal with in today s cities. What has made these groups come about? Why do kids feel that being in a gang is both an acceptable and prestigious way to live? The long range answer to these questions can only be speculated upon, but in the short term the answers are much easier to find. On the surface, gangs are a direct result of human beings personal wants and peer pressure. To determine how to effectively end gang violence weRead MoreA Review of Gang Violence1357 Words   |  5 PagesRe: Increased Incidents of Gang Violence within Broward County, Florida The purpose of this paper is to review and verify a recent study by Scott H. Decker of the University of Missouri – St. Louis, entitled Collective and Normative Features in Gang Violence (Decker VanWinkle, 1996). The study will attempt to address why our local increase in gang violence has reached monumental heights causing an increase in gang members appearing your court. The overall theme of the study depicts overallRead MoreThe Problem Of Gang Violence1356 Words   |  6 PagesGang violence has grown to be a great problem in El Salvador in the last 30 years. Gangs have grown into large, complex organized crime units; the two largest gangs, MS13 (also known as Mara Salvatrucha 13) and Barrio18 (also known as Calle18), now encompass large parts of Central America. Both gangs rely heavily on local drug-peddling, which drives most of the general gang violence. The desire for control over certain areas had forged a fierce rivalry, in which civilians are often endangered whenRead MoreGang Violence Essay1886 Words   |  8 PagesCarolina Governor’s crime commission states that there are 1,446 gangs across the state with a total of 19,000 members. The average age of gang membership is 15 years old (Our Initiatives-Gang Prevention). In the 1980’s national gangs began to shift from just the bad street type local criminals to taking on pu blic arrangements involved with drug trafficking and other illegal activities. As there power and membership increased gangs were being recognized in locations outside of their regular neighborhoodRead More Gang Violence Essay812 Words   |  4 Pages Gang Violence nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nowadays gangs are big issues in America. People who are in gang feel like they belong some where and people care about them. There are various reasons people join gangs, and almost all age group between ages 12-40 are involved in gangs. One of the big reasons people join gangs is because of their needs, protection, and also they want attention from people around them. Gang’s should be taken seriously because today’s gangs are more violent and brutalRead MoreGang Violence Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagestheir home. Gang violence in youths is a prominent problem around numerous portions of the world today. Youths are forced to go along with the engagements taken place in the gang which can be cataclysmic to society and themselves. The life of a youth and their family can be altered by just one simple decision to join a gang, put many people in danger of being hurt, however there are still many workable solutions to put these youths back on track. When a youth elects to join a gang it is typicallyRead MoreGangs And Their Role With The Violence1815 Words   |  8 PagesG H 456 Final Project Outline Gangs and Their Role With The Violence In El Salvador I. Introduction (1 page) a. What defines gang activity? What do youths have to do with it? i. Give the definition of gang activity, what it actually is compared to the world’s stereotypical view of members ii. Prevalence of gangs in the world iii. Youth involvement iv. Differences of gangs across regions of el Salvador v. The extent of member’s participation (what does an average member do? What crimes do they commit/notRead MoreGang Violence Essay1032 Words   |  5 PagesGang Violence Gangs are becoming a growing problem in American society. More young people are turning to gangs to solve problems in there lives. When youths join gangs they drop social activities with family, friends and school. Members fall behind their classmates in school and do not try. A study shows that less than 1% of gang bangers is literate1. Gangs destroy teenager lives and destroy their chances for a good education and happy life. Gangs are now a haven for rats. TeenagersRead MoreIs Gang Violence Worth It?1964 Words   |  8 PagesUche Igbokwe Mr. Hines ELA 11 - Period 6 18 March 2016 Is Gang Violence Worth it? Back in 2015 there was a great concern with fraternity homicides, especially with Asian-American fraternities and sororities. Originated from Chinese men in 1916 attending Cornell University, there are now more than 65 Asian-American fraternities and sororities throughout the country today. They were created because Asians found themselves excluded from the other white fraternities in many universities. Unknown to

Tourism Planning And Development Of Sustainable...

TOURISM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME Semester 3, 2015 3.317 Tourism Policy Planning and Development Relationship between Sustainability Development and Sustainability Tourism Planning Submitted by: Lance N. Peji Topic: Significance of environmental issues in the formulation of a Tourism Plan. Write on the key concepts and issues of sustainable development and show relationships between sustainable development and sustainable tourism planning. Introduction In this paper, it will focus on the key concepts and issues of sustainable development and showing the relationship between the sustainable development and sustainable tourism planning. Not only the concepts and issues will be discuss but the short term needs and goals of sustainable development and who are the most affected. There are a lot of concepts and issues of sustainable development when it comes to social, economic, and most importantly maintaining and protecting the environment. There are many meaning things of sustainability concept to different people. Verisimilitude, the idea of sustainable development increased from numerous environmental change in earlier decennium. But how are we going to develop these issues in order to increase the tourism impacts and sectors for tourism planning to face the future, and why sustainable development is important? The rural areas or small islands are the perfect example since they have a small populations, lack of business establishments that can cause jobShow MoreRelatedEconomic Dimensions And Development Of Sustainable Tourism993 Words   |  4 Pagesthe table we see that the twenty sustainable dimensions has explained 47.5 % of the total variance in the dependent variable of overall development of sustainable tourism in Sundarbans (Adjusted R Square =0. 475). That’s why, the relationship between sustainable dimensions and development of sustainable tourism in Sundarbans is strong. The result of regression reveals that the strength of association between sustainable dimensions and development of sustainable tourism in Sundarbans is 58.1% (R SquareRead MoreInternational Organisations And Development Of Tourism1359 Words   |  6 Pagesin the planning and development of tourism. Using relevant examples of international organisations such as UNWTO and UNESCO, this essay will analyse how these types of organisations contribute towards the planning and development of tourism. By using Gran Canaria, Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia and the UK as case studies, the essay will produce a clear analogy of how international organisations get involved to help plan, develop and preserve tourist destinations in the hope of a more sustainable futureRead MoreTourism Policy And Planning For Tourism899 Words   |  4 PagesPolicy and planning directly related, despite being completely different types of processes, they both confront the same issues, that being the overall future development of a destination. This essay reflects on policy and planning in the tourism industry. Beginning with the purpose of tourism policy, underlining why policy and planning is important, how it is utilized, and finally the benefits to tourism development. Utilizing examples from Kenya, United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Croatia to furtherRead MoreThe Tourism Industry : An Source Of Revenue For Many Countries1226 Words   |  5 PagesThe tourism industry has become an increasingly important source of revenue for many countries. In the global environment concept, the tourism is the main communicator and promotor of the international trade. The expansion of the tourism creates many advantages and also cause some critical issues including social dislocations, Negative impacts on local culture and social structure, disruptive for the ecological and biol ogical diversity. The minimising negative impact and managing the tourism industryRead MoreFurthering Tourism in the Republic of Serbia Essay example803 Words   |  4 Pagescooperation signed between the Faculty of Architecture University of Belgrade and the National Tourism Development Corporation at the beginning of year, under the auspices of the Ministry of Economy and Regional Development of the Republic of Serbia. The cooperation was initiated with the idea of achieving a qualitative contribution to the further development and promotion of investment projects in tourism in the Republic of Serbia, and has yielded very fruitful results that are partially presentedRead MoreTaking a Look at Ecotourism926 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolved in supplying the ecotourism experience (Blamey, 2001). Thus, where Ross and Wall (1999) outline five fundamental functions of ecotourism; namely: i. protection of natural areas; ii. education; iii. generation of money; iv. quality tourism; and v. local participation. The seemingly endless definitional rhetoric has not only caused mass confusion for the operational-side of the industry, but it has also proved a challenge in terms of identifying legitimacy. In this way, the majorRead MoreThe Impacts of Sustainable Tourism and Their Influence on Resort Management1684 Words   |  7 Pagestourists are becoming more eco-conscious and the trend of tourism is changing too. This is due to the rapid depletion rate of natural resources; much faster than what mankind can replenish or renew. Hence, in order to preserve our environment, culture and tradition, people are trying to find ways to sustain our resources. Lately, the buzz word that is frequently mentioned in tourism industry is sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism is tourism that takes full account of its current and future economicRead MoreA Report On Eco Tourism Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesThis report is all about the eco-tourism business in South Africa. The chosen business is wild life experience park in which different activities are included like wild life safari, eco-friendly boating, whale and dolphin watching. In the wild life experience park the species are protected because the different species are placed at different part of the jungle. This report demonstrate the brief knowledge about the eco-tourism, Sustainable eco-tourism, sustainable practices, Impact are minimized byRead MoreBase On Stakeholder Participation And Tourism Sustainability Analysis1225 Words   |  5 Pages 5. Recommendations 5.1 Issues review Base on stakeholder participation and tourism sustainability analysis, the main problems current exists can be concluded. Initially, low level local business operators and residents’ participation in decision making process. Secondly, over commercialization and transformation of culture, architecture pollution. Then, in terms of environment, key concerns remain on fishery resource protection and cultivation, without compromise benefits of local residents. InRead MoreSustainable Tourism And Its Practices Within A Hallmark Event960 Words   |  4 Pages TOURISM PAPER LONDON OLYMPICS, 2012 MOHIT PARTAP SINGH CONTENT Summary Overview Introduction Social impact Economic impact Environmental impact Opinion Conclusion Summary: This paper discuses about the sustainable tourism and its practices within a hallmark event. Sustainable tourism is very important because tourism is one of the world’s fastest growing industry and is major source of income of some countries. Tourism industry provide many jobs that help local economy. Olympic

Leading and Managing People Leaderships Trait

Question: Describe about the Leading and Managing People for Leaderships Trait. Answer: Introduction: Leadership can be considered as the skill to influence other people toward a certain path in order to achieve any objectives. While management can be defined as the way to maintain order and uniformity in any operation, the leadership concept is way beyond of these operational activities. Human history has experienced a lot of remarkable leaders who have enlightened as well as nourished the generic understanding of leadership in an remarkable fashion. This article will be focusing on three most significant leaders in the history of humankind in order to identify their leadership traits. The article will assess their leadership styles in terms of leadership ethics, evolution of their leadership, multicultural leadership traits, and relation with traditional leadership theories as well as psychology of their leadership. It will also attempt to identify and assess their communication skills in order to understand its impact on leadership practices. Leadership style of Martin Luther Leadership ethics: Leadership ethics states that a leader is directed by respect for ethical beliefs and values along with dignity and rights of others. This leadership style is immensely related to trust, consideration, fairness, honesty and charisma (Landis et al. 2014). Martin Luther always valued and respected the views and goals of his people and never forced them to follow something that is not related to their life. He always asked his followers to never follow wrongful paths in order to gain their rightful place. He clearly mentioned that people must not look to fulfil their thirst for freedom and justice by talking the path of hatred and bitterness (Robinson and Topping 2012). He also asked to conduct struggle in a way that can keep dignity and discipline intact. He also advised people not to generate physical violence and should protest in a create way. For his quotes it is clear that he always followed ethics and values of other people while leading way from the front. Revolutionary leadership lessons can also be learned from Martin Luther who states some important hold fast to your word and wanted people to understand to think carefully before they give their word. He was extraordinarily disciplined and was continuously fasting, praying and meditating, subjecting himself to an insensitive ascetic lifestyle. He stated embrace your inner Spartan that helped him to develop a strong self-discipline that served him rest of his life (Reed et al. 2016). Besides, he also cared deeply about discriminating Gods will and never wavered from that eventual purpose. He was powerfully committed to the church; however, soon he understood that church is driven by power and money that changed his vision. As a result, he changed the whole world as he knew it. Martin Luther was determined in his detection and even refused the Pope. He took the decision to think freely and not to follow anyones authority (Bruyneel 2014). He decided to assert without defending it. He al so understood that connecting with people is very important and that is why he used humour and metaphor in his writing. Besides, he also decided to use earthy languages so that people can understand what he wants to way which was another revolutionary step taken by him. Martin Luther Kings leadership was mostly transformational leadership. Transformational leadership is known as mutual process of engagement between leaders and followers that helps them to elevate each other to high levels of morality and motivation. Transformational leaders challenge the status quo and motivate his followers to explore new ways of doing things. Martin Luther positively challenged the existing state of isolation and unfairness within the society. He showed a new pathway to democracy, racial justice and brotherhood for all. He backed his new concept by the fuel of urgency of now. According to Miller (2013), transformational leaders also offer supervision and support to his followers and direct acknowledgment of each followers exceptional offerings. Martin Luther took his time to empathize with the great trials and problems, storms of maltreatment and police viciousness of his followers in order to motivate them to continue to work with the belief that unearned distres s is redemptive. He also helped his followers by comforting them with the hope of pending change that their collaboration could effect. As mentioned by Landis et al. (2014), transformation leaders eloquent a clear vision to his followers and help them to experience the same passion and motivation to fulfil their goals. Martin Luther did the same by spiritedly sharing his dream. By doing this he was able to inspire and motivate millions of people. As a result, people started to believe that they can emancipate themselves from whatever shackles are limiting them fort the life they are similarly entitled to. Reed et al. (2016) mentioned that, transformational leaders serve as a role model for their followers who can easily trust and respect the leader without any question. Fifty years passed after his memorable speech and 45 years after his assassination it is true that his physical existence is distant. However, the influence of his leadership still exists. Martin Luther was able to p ersuade others to believe in his dream in order to develop a better future. That is why, it can be said that he was a perfect transformational leader. Dr. Martin Luthers psychology was mostly standing on his leadership skills by which he was able to coherent his dreams into his followers. This characteristics and psychology of him made him made him popular among his followers. He showed extreme courage in the face of danger and threats (Alderman and Inwood 2013). He believed that everyone is vulnerable during civil rights struggle. People who are powerful will oppress the weak that will obviously lead to anger and retaliation. That is why; Martin Luther gathered courage to face the risks and pursued non-violent call to arms. Without showing reluctance he faced threats that were thrown in his way. Another impressive thing about his psychology was encouraging others by telling them cold hard facts and by not hiding reality (Colbert 2013). He revealed through his speech the realities of a situation no matter how painful it may seem. His psychology is his leadership was to have faith in the abilities of his followers. It has been ident ified that not only he always loved to acknowledge people who did something good and contributed to the cause. He has the ability to bring the best from his followers by providing them with proper assistance. His psychology also includes the idea of doing something completely different with the help of evolution and innovation. Because of his strong philosophy he was able to gain success by shaking up the popular culture of the time (Jackson 2013). This clearly states that Martin Luther had a strong psychology and intend by which he was able to transfer a message to the status quo in the society by saying that the people are not going to follow the traditional rules and regulations that are not set to humiliate them. His psychology was revolutionary and with the help of transformational leadership he was able to make a change in the society. Leadership styles of Nelson Mandela: Nelson Mandela was one of the most inspiring leaders that mankind has ever met. He presents a symbol of reconciliation, humility, compassion, strengths as well as utmost courage. In other words, Nelson Mandela was not only role model for African people but also the true inspiration for the entire world. Being a royal blood, he was groomed to be a counsel for the regent just like his father. The extended family has been most crucial factor for the formation of his early belief regarding custom, tradition as well as culture of the African people (Pietersen 2015). Nelson Mandela is immensely recognised for his impressive leadership ethical values, which proved to be most imperative for keeping the centre of attention as well as avoiding the violence. As a major characteristic of ethical leadership it is imperative for the leaders to live by the vision that is the core of their leadership. In this context, Nelson Mandela has proved his efficiency and excellence being embody of utmost peace (Clinebell 2014). It has been observed by the extensive study of his leadership models that Nelson Mandela formed his leadership practices on the basis of reconciliation, humility, forgiveness as well as sympathy. It has been observed that despite of having an experience of complete harassment as well as humiliation; Nelson Mandela forgave all of his political opponents. In support of the argument it can be presented that, he has cooperated as well as closely worked with Frederick de Klerk who treated him in the ANC prison (Perks and May 2015). In addition to that, he has been highly popular for his leadership practices such as protecting the vulnerable, assisting and empowering the poor, improving living and working conditions, supplying social services as well as showing symp4athy to the marginalised group4s. It has been identified by numerous scholars that Nelson Mandela represents a wide range of leadership styles. It is always been assumed that his political leadership style has been immensely shaped by the training of the ANC. His political leadership has been always clearly defined along with visionary (Beresford 2014). He believed that in order to manage the population it is necessary for leaders to persuade, negotiate and coerce respectively. In addition to that, it is believed that Nelson Mandela transpired his leadership practices with the aim of transforming Africa into apartheid free nation where every man will be treated as free and equal. It has been observed by the scholars that Mandela has followed Utilitarianism leadership style while fighting against the apartheid. However, it is evident from the extensive analysis that Mandela represented a versatile leadership styles among his practices. These styles are commonly known as charismatic leadership, transformational leaders hip as well as inspirational leadership. The history states that Nelson Mandela was the most influential figurehead in the politics of Africa during the 20th century. Numerous scholars have observed that Nelson Mandela led the African men being most captivating as well as charismatic leader. At the same time, he encouraged his followers to educate themselves in order to higher their values and ideas (Raelin 2015). In other word, it can be effectively noticed that Nelson Mandela attempted to transform the existing superstitious state of his country by raising their awareness. This encouragement towards the transformational activities established his image as a transformational leader. In addition to that, Nelson Mandela also inspired his followers of ANC to perceive the significance of his vision. The values of his appeal effectively assisted the freedom movement in Africa. Moreover, he has been also noted to travel every part of the nation to inspire his fellow citizens to fight against the apartheid as well as racial discr imination. These significant activities effectively indicated that Nelson Mandela has also approached his political movement with inspirational leadership. The widespread study on the Nelson Mandelas leadership styles has been able to identify that he held a true talent in the communication skills. It has been often observed that Nelson Mandela had the ability to effectively anticipate the movement or argument of the opponents at the time of facing challenges and defences. Nelson Mandela even learned the Afrikaans language as well as Afrikaner history, so that he can more relate with his followers. Generally, Nelson Mandela will communicate with his opponent directly based on the challenges so that he can have the advantage in the negotiation and resolve those issues (Daleus 2015). In addition to that, it has been also observed that he was highly popular for effectively coordinating his followers with an impressive communication power. Communication skill has been a true part of his arsenal in terms of explaining the plan of fighting for South Africa and convincing them to act on it. Nelson Mandela exhibited a highly influential practice of multicultural leadership. Majority of the scholars put the name of Nelson Mandela as a reference of multicultural leader. He was the first African president that fought against the racial discrimination he inspired his followers to shun every superstition and welcome every fellow citizen as their brothers in arms irrespective of their backgrounds. In order to understand the fellow citizen better, Nelson Mandela travelled every part of South Africa and received them with utmost respect and importance (Northouse 2014). Being a leader, he always put importance on every followers irrespective of their standard and background. The true essence of Nelson Mandelas leadership was integrity as well as dignity, while the perception of the leadership is considered. Nelson Mandela exclusively integrated his leadership practices on the basis of three different leadership domains. One of the most important of his leadership domains was personal leadership. It displayed a greater ability to persuade followers as well as political opponents with his personal values, deep self-knowledge as well as authenticity (Bolman and Deal 2014). Another major domain that has been identified in his leadership practices is Interpersonal leadership. It mostly entails with understanding the others challenges and emphasizing with their needs. It also focuses on extracting the best effort from every follower. Lastly, strategic leadership is another key part of his leadership psychology. Nelson Mandela has been able to establish the winning strategy with most precise prioritizing and effective action plan. Leadership Styles of Abraham Lincoln: Abraham Lincoln was the most popular president of United States of America as he led the nation through most difficult as well as conflicting time. He was highly popular for his ability to lead the nation to the pathway of success despite of the crumbling situation of the country. In this context, it has been identified that Abraham Lincoln resolved the long list of escalation from the numerous factions of people (Greenstein and Anderson 2015). He also established the most appropriate as well as impressive stand against the slavery. Analyzing the leadership style of Abraham Lincoln it can be effectively identified that Abraham Lincoln fits into the trait theory of leadership (Greenstein 2013). He expressively reflected big five factors such as sociability, integrity, determination, intelligence as well as self-confidence. On the other hand, several scholars has been able to identify the skills approach of his leadership. Abraham Lincoln considered himself as a student throughout his life. He admitted that the study has been able to reshape his perception as well as ability to lead American citizens. The major three skills approaches that have been identified are technical dimension, conceptual dimension as well as human dimension. Abraham Lincoln was highly popular for being most modest people. He has the tendency continuously forgive the mistake of the people (Daft 2014). In addition to that, it has been also identified that Abraham Lincoln was quite competent to prioritize his concerns with an effective capabi lity. In this context, it has been observed in many occasions that he had highly impressive conceptual strategic ability. In addition to that, Abraham Lincoln was also highly focused on the implementing different leadership practices in the different time. These particular traits effectively indicate that Abraham Lincoln also fit into the situational leadership concept. Abraham Lincoln established the true form of multicultural practice in all over the Australia. In addition to that, he respected and welcomed all fellow American as a equal entity (Kennedy 2013). He encouraged all the American people to practice an anti-discriminatory practice across the country. His values and beliefs have founded the current multi-cultural environment of America. He truly believed that every American citizen must have equal rights irrespective of their differences and diverse backgrounds. It has been observed that Abraham Lincoln mostly emphasized on founding the equality in the racial quality of people (Zaccaro 2014). The major two ethical implications that are considered in the American society are New American republic idealism as well as Biblical religion. Although, Abraham Lincoln greatly considered both of the ethical implications with utmost sincerity, he personally trusted on the law and legislation (Goethals and Allison 2014). These particular beliefs eventually shaped his leadership perceptions. He has the supreme trust on the people as well as law of the nation. Abraham Lincoln also emphasized on the public opinion so that the national policies can be meet the requirements of public. As a leader Abraham Lincoln greatly emphasized on the ethics of responsibility through his action. He believed and acted as a continuous serving agent of the American constitution in order to effectively live by his promises. Abraham Lincoln presented a most impressive talent in terms of communication skill in his leadership practices. It is evident that communication skills set the path of the success of leadership (Ellis 2013). Henceforth it is commonly acknowledged by the scholars that communication skills have taken a very crucial part in the success of leadership of Abraham Lincoln. The major strategy undertaken by Abraham Lincoln is developing simple message for communication with common people. He believed it would be effective as the simple message will be easy to receive, share as well as remember for the people. In addition to that, he reflected greater interpersonal skills through his action (Popper 2013). He communicated with the people with utmost patience so that he can properly listen to them and then response. Conclusion: Above article has been able to assess the leadership styles of three most inspiring leaders of humankind sincerely. These leaders are Martin Luther, Nelson Mandela and Abraham Lincoln. The article has been able to identify various aspects of their leadership with a greater efficiency. Moreover, the leadership styled has been analyzed in the light of leadership ethics, evolution of their leadership, multicultural leadership traits, relation with traditional leadership theories as well as psychology of their leadership. This article has been able to identify the major traits that are highly influential for leading as well as managing people towards the utmost success. The article has been able to indicate the importance of goals, communication skills, leadership ethics as well as multicultural practices. In other words, the article has been successful to contribute effectively in the leadership and management studies as one of the most influential work. Reference List: Alderman, D.H. and Inwood, J., 2013. Street naming and the politics of belonging: spatial injustices in the toponymic commemoration of Martin Luther King Jr.Social Cultural Geography,14(2), pp.211-233. Beresford, A., 2014. Nelson Mandela and the politics of South Africa's unfinished liberation.Review of African Political Economy,41(140), pp.297-305. Bolman, L. and Deal, T., 2014. Leadership and management.Christian Youth Work in Theory and Practice: A Handbook, p.245. Bruyneel, K., 2014. The king's body: The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial and the politics of collective memory.History Memory,26(1), pp.75-108. Clinebell, S., 2014. Snapshots of Great Leadership.Academy of Management Learning Education,13(1), pp.139-141. Colbert, S.D., 2013. Black Leadership at the Crossroads: Unfixing Martin Luther King Jr. in Katori Halls The Mountaintop.South Atlantic Quarterly,112(2), pp.261-283. Daft, R.L., 2014.The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Daleus, P., 2015. Political Leadership: New Perspectives and Approaches.Political Psychology,36(1), pp.133-137. Ellis, L., 2013. Understanding your leadership balance.The Journal for Quality and Participation,35(4), p.4. Goethals, G.R. and Allison, S.T., 2014. Kings and charisma, Lincoln and leadership: An evolutionary perspective. InConceptions of Leadership(pp. 111-124). Palgrave Macmillan US. Greenstein, F.I. and Anderson, D., 2015.Presidents and the Dissolution of the Union. Princeton University Press. Greenstein, F.I., 2013.Presidents and the Dissolution of the Union: Leadership Style from Polk to Lincoln. Princeton University Press. Jackson, T.F., 2013.From civil rights to human rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the struggle for economic justice. University of Pennsylvania Press. Kennedy, J., 2013.Abraham Lincoln: Lessons in Leadership. Central Library, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst. Landis, E.A., Hill, D. and Harvey, M.R., 2014. A synthesis of leadership theories and styles.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,15(2), p.97. Miller, K.D., 2013. On Martin Luther King Jr. and the Landscape of Civil Rights Rhetoric.Rhetoric Public Affairs,16(1), pp.167-183. Northouse, P.G., 2014.Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice. Sage Publications. Perks, S. and May, J., 2015, October. Change leadership styles and qualities necessary to drive environmental sustainability in South Africa. InProceedings of International Academic Conferences(No. 2805129). International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences. Pietersen, W., 2015. What Nelson Mandela Taught the World About Leadership.Leader to Leader,2015(76), pp.60-66. Popper, M., 2013. Leaders perceived as distant and close. Some implications for psychological theory on leadership.The Leadership Quarterly,24(1), pp.1-8. Raelin, J.A., 2015. Rethinking Leadership.MIT Sloan Management Review,56(4), p.95. Reed, C.R., Bevel, S.J., Jenkins, H., Jackson, K., Barge, G., JacksonSr, J., Rubinowitz, L., Collier, J., Schechter, G., White, B. and Baron, H., 2016.The Chicago Freedom Movement: Martin Luther King Jr. and Civil Rights Activism in the North. University Press of Kentucky. Robinson, J.L. and Topping, D., 2012. The Rhetoric of Power: A Comparison of Hitler and Martin Luther King Jr.Journal of Management Inquiry, p.1056492612451789. Zaccaro, S.J., 2014. Leadership memes: From ancient history and literature to twenty-first century theory and research.The Oxford handbook of leadership and organizations, pp.13-39.

Normalcy and woodrow wilson Essay Example

Normalcy and woodrow wilson Essay The idealism of Woodrow Wilsons politics and the strain of World War 1 had the nation wishing for less turbulent, more normal times. While running for President in 1920, Warren G. Harding played on these desires and came up the idea of a return to normalcy. Harding said, Americas present need is not heroics but healing, not nostrums but normalcy; not revolution but restoration. (Faragher p. 669) The idea of a less complicated life, without war, union strikes, factories and feminism, was so appealing to the nation that Harding won the election by the largest margin in history to that date even though he did not actively campaign for President. The three Republican presidents of the 1920s, Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover, shared the conservative philosophy that less federal government was good for the country and that a close business- federal government relationship was good for the economy.They believed that knowledgeable businesses, encouraged by the governmen t would act in the public interest. (Faragher p 690) The domestic policy of;normalcy; towards business was to leave business alone and not interfere with additional regulations. This philosophy was hard on organized labor. Union membership declined during the 1920s. During World War I, the government in an effort to provide for the war had supported unions, now during normalcy it, along with the Supreme Court, were unsympathetic toward the unions. Companies had free rein to limit union membership. This was accomplished in several ways: by calling for an open shop, where even if a worker did not belong to the union he/she would still receive the benefits of the union. This effectively discouraged new workers from joining the union. Employers also tried to gain employee loyalty and discourage union membershipby offering the employees stock-options, in

The Rivalry Between Nomads and Settled People in Asia

The Rivalry Between Nomads and Settled People in Asia The relationship between settled peoples and nomads has been one of the great engines driving human history since the invention of agriculture and the first formation of towns and cities.  It has played out most grandly, perhaps, across the vast expanse of Asia. North African historian and philosopher Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) writes about the dichotomy between townsfolk and nomads in The Muqaddimah.  He claims that nomads are savage and similar to wild animals, but also braver and more pure of heart than city dwellers.   Sedentary people are much concerned with all kinds of pleasures.  They are accustomed to luxury and success in worldly occupations and to indulgence in worldly desires.   By contrast, nomads go alone into the desert, guided by their fortitude, putting their trust in themselves.  Fortitude has become a character quality of theirs, and courage their nature. Neighboring groups of nomads and settled people may share bloodlines and even a common language, as with Arabic-speaking Bedouins and their citified cousins.  Throughout Asian history, however, their vastly different lifestyles and cultures have led to both periods of trade and times of conflict. Trade Between Nomads and Towns Compared with townspeople and farmers, nomads have relatively few material possessions.  Items they have to trade may include furs, meat, milk products, and livestock (such as horses).  They need metal goods such as cooking pots, knives, sewing needles, and weapons, as well as grains or fruit, cloth, and other products of sedentary life.  Lightweight luxury items, such as jewelry and silks, may have great value in nomadic cultures, as well.  Thus, there is a natural trade imbalance between the two groups. Nomads often need or want more of the goods that settled people produce than the other way around. Nomadic people have often served as traders or guides in order to earn consumer goods from their settled neighbors.  All along the Silk Road that spanned Asia, members of different nomadic or semi-nomadic peoples such as the Parthians, the Hui, and the Sogdians specialized in leading caravans across the steppes and deserts of the interior. They sold the goods in the cities of China, India, Persia, and Turkey.  On the Arabian Peninsula, the Prophet Muhammad himself was a trader and caravan leader during his early adulthood.  Traders and camel drivers served as bridges between the nomadic cultures and the cities, moving between the two worlds and conveying material wealth back to their nomadic families or clans. In some cases, settled empires established trade relations with neighboring nomadic tribes.  China often organized these relationships as a tribute. In return for acknowledging the Chinese emperors overlordship, a nomadic leader would be allowed to exchange his peoples goods for Chinese products.  During the early Han era, the nomadic Xiongnu were such a formidable threat that the tributary relationship ran in the opposite direction: the Chinese sent tribute and Chinese princesses to the Xiongnu in return for a guarantee that the nomads would not raid Han cities. Conflicts Between Settled People and Nomads When trade relations broke down, or a new nomadic tribe moved into an area, conflict erupted.  This might take the form of small raids on outlying farms or unfortified settlements.  In extreme cases, entire empires fell.  Conflict pitted the organization and resources of the settled people against the mobility and courage of the nomads.  The settled people often had thick walls and heavy guns on their side.  The nomads benefited from having very little to lose. In some cases, both sides lost when the nomads and city dwellers clashed.  The Han Chinese managed to smash the Xiongnu state in 89 CE, but the cost of fighting the nomads sent the Han Dynasty into an irreversible decline.   In other cases, the ferocity of the nomads gave them sway over vast swathes of land and numerous cities.  Genghis Khan and the Mongols built the largest land empire in history, motivated by anger over an insult from the Emir of Bukhara and by the desire for loot.  Some of Genghiss descendants, including Timur (Tamerlane) built similarly impressive records of conquest.  Despite their walls and artillery, the cities of Eurasia fell to horsemen armed with bows.   Sometimes, the nomadic peoples were so adept at conquering cities that they themselves became the emperors of settled civilizations.  The Mughal emperors of India were descended from Genghis Khan and from Timur, but they set themselves up in Delhi and Agra and became city dwellers.  They did not grow decadent and corrupt by the third generation, as Ibn Khaldun predicted, but they did go into a decline soon enough. Nomadism Today As the world grows more populated, settlements are taking over open spaces and hemming in the few remaining nomadic peoples.  Out of about seven billion humans on Earth today, only an estimated 30 million are nomadic or semi-nomadic.  Many of the remaining nomads live in Asia. Approximately 40 percent of Mongolias three million people are nomadic. In Tibet, 30 percent of the ethnic Tibetan people are nomads.  All across the Arab world, 21 million Bedouin live their traditional lifestyle.  In Pakistan and Afghanistan, 1.5 million of the Kuchi people continue to live as nomads.  Despite the Soviets best efforts, hundreds of thousands of people in Tuva, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan continue to live in yurts and follow the herds.  The Raute people of Nepal also maintain their nomadic culture, though their numbers have fallen to about 650. At present, it looks as though the forces of settlement are effectively squeezing out the nomads around the world.  However, the balance of power between city-dwellers and wanderers has shifted innumerable times in the past.  Who can say what the future holds? Sources Di Cosmo, Nicola. Ancient Inner Asian Nomads: Their Economic Basis and Its Significance in Chinese History. The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 53, No. 4, November 1994. Khaldun, Ibn Ibn. The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History - Abridged Edition (Princeton Classics). Paperback, Abridged edition, Princeton University Press, April 27, 2015. Russell, Gerard. Why Nomads Win: What Ibn Khaldun Would Say about Afghanistan. Huffington Post, April 11, 2010.

Red-Eyed Tree Frog Facts

Red-Eyed Tree Frog Facts The red-eyed tree frog (Agalychnis callidrayas) is a small, non-poisonous tropical frog. The scientific name of the frog derives from the Greek words kalos (beautiful) and dryas (wood nymph). The name refers to the frogs vibrant coloration. Fast Facts: Red-Eyed Tree Frog Scientific Name: Agalychnis callidryasCommon Name: Red-eyed tree frogBasic Animal Group: AmphibianSize: 2-3 inchesWeight: 0.2-0.5 ouncesLifespan: 5 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Central AmericaPopulation: AbundantConservation Status: Least Concern Description The red-eyed tree frog is a small arboreal species. Adult males are smaller (2 inches) than adult females (3 inches). Adults have orange-red eyes with verticals slits. The frogs body is bright green with blue and yellow stripes on the sides. The species has webbed feet with orange or red toes. The toes have sticky pads that help the animals stick to leaves and branches. Habitat and Distribution Red-eyed tree frogs live in humid climates in trees near ponds and rivers in southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. They occur from Veracruz and Oaxaca in Mexico to Panama and northern Columbia. The frogs have a relatively narrow temperature range requirement, so they only live in the rain forests and lowlands. Ideally, they require a daytime temperature from 75 to 85  °F (24 to 29  Ã‚ °C) and nighttime temperature from 66 to 77  Ã‚ °F (19 to 25  Ã‚ °C). Red-eyed tree frog distribution. Darekk2 Diet Tree frogs are insectivores that mainly hunt at night. They feed upon flies, crickets, grasshoppers, moths, and other insects. They are preyed upon by dragonflies, fish, snakes, monkeys, birds, and a variety of other predators. They are also susceptible to fungal infections. Behavior The frogs red eyes are used for a startle display called deimatic behavior. During the day, the frog camouflages itself by flattening its body against a leaf bottom so only its green back is exposed. If the frog is disturbed it flashes its red eyes and reveals its colored flanks and feet. The coloring may surprise a predator long enough for the frog to escape. While some other tropical species are poisonous, camouflage and the startle display are the red-eyed tree frogs only defense. Tree frogs use vibration to communicate. Males quiver and shake leaves to mark territory and attract females. During the day, the frog folds its colored legs beneath it. If disturbed, it opens its eyes to startle predators. Ferdinando valverde / Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring Mating occurs from autumn to early spring, during the peak rainfall period. Males gather around a body of water and make a chack call to attract a mate. The egg-laying process is called amplexus. During amplexus, the female carries one or more males on her back. She draws water into her body to use to lay a clutch of around 40 gel-like eggs on a leaf overhanging water. The best-positioned male fertilizes the eggs externally. If the eggs are not disturbed, they hatch within six to seven days, dropping the tadpoles into the water. However, red-eyed tree frog eggs exhibit a strategy called phenotypic plasticity, in which eggs hatch early if their survival is threatened. Tree frogs lay their eggs on leaves over water. The tadpoles fall into the water when they hatch.  ©Juan Carlos Vindas / Getty Images The yellow-eyed, brown tadpoles remain in the water for a few weeks to months, depending on environmental conditions. They change to adult colors after metamorphosis. The red-eyed tree frog lives about five years in the wild. The species will breed in captivity in a high-humidity environment with tropical plants, controlled lighting (11-12 hours daylight), and controlled temperature (26 to 28  Ã‚ °C day and 22 to 35  Ã‚ °C night). Breeding is initiated by simulating a rainy season. Captive-bred frogs often live longer than five years. Conservation Status Due to its large habitat range and protected status in some areas, the IUCN classifies the species as Least Concern. Red-eyed tree frogs are also abundant in captivity. However, the species does face challenges from deforestation, pollution, and pet trade collection. In the wild, the frogs population is decreasing. Sources Badger, David P. Frogs. Stillwater (Minn.): Voyageur Press, 1995. ISBN 9781610603911.Caldwell, Michael S.; Johnston, Gregory R.; McDaniel, J. Gregory; Warkentin, Karen M. Vibrational Signaling in the Agonistic Interactions of Red-Eyed Treefrogs. Current Biology. 20 (11): 1012–1017, 2010. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2010.03.069Savage, Jay M. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 2002. ISBN 0-226-73537-0.Solà ­s, Frank; Ibà ±ez, Roberto; Santos-Barrera, Georgina; Jungfer, Karl-Heinz; Renjifo, Juan Manuel; Bolaà ±os, Frederico. Agalychnis callidryas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2008: e.T55290A11274916. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T55290A11274916.enWarkentin, Karen M. The development of behavioral defenses: a mechanistic analysis of vulnerability in red-eyed treefrog hatchlings. Behavioral Ecology. 10 (3): 251–262. 1998. doi:10.1093/beheco/10.3.251

Critical Issues in Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical Issues in Globalisation - Essay Example Through evaluating its existing business situation, Marks and Spencer needs to review its market segmentation, share out its products to diverse target markets, and serve its clients efficaciously. Introduction Marks and Spencer is a worldwide company that spreads throughout Europe, Asia and North America. It sells footwear, clothing, food, house appliances and gifts. This paper will comprise three sections. Principally, it will evaluate the micro and macro environment of Marks and Spencer. Secondly, the paper will employ SWOT to evaluate the four facets of its business. Lastly, the paper will a draw an inference concerning the whole evaluation and provide the necessary recommendations. PEST Analysis The extensive external factors, which indirectly affect a company, comprise legal, political, social, economic and technological aspects. These frameworks will show how the macro environment influences M&S in formulating its marketing decisions. Legal and Political Environment It is very crucial for firms to adhere to government policies and global organisation structures such as the World Health Organisation, when formulating their marketing policies. Governments, particularly in the advanced countries, pay attention to the human and ecological environment life. Governments devise policies and systems to monitor companies and their products, for instance, energy saving strategies and genetically modified foodstuff regulation. The United Kingdom government has initiated energy saving policies such as climate change duty and Green Tariff on energy usage to reduce carbon dioxide and supplied subsidisations to enhance its policies. Marks and Spencer has instituted an incentive scheme in which stores can retain a 10% value of every savings they generate in its budget (Marks & Spencer 2012). This scheme aids Marks and Spencer in saving around 5 per cent of M&S energy. In current years, the gene technology has increased significantly. Some of the technology has been util ised to manufacture food. Nonetheless, some of the technology can bring about environmental pollution and jeopardise human health. Marks and Spencer declared that it would be stocking non-GM foods upon its shelves. Economic Economic aspects affect firms to either develop or retrench their business, for instance, loss-generating operations and their non-primary business operations. For example, the 9/11 misfortune in United States caused numerous firms to encounter depressions within Europe and North American countries. The 9/11 mishap in United States caused consumers to alter their purchasing habits and sales decreased tremendously. In fact, M&S lost about 8.6m pound worth of profits in 2001-2002 from its worldwide retailers. However, M&S has shut its deficit-generating operations within Continental Europe and sold out its non-core business within North America (Marks & Spencer 2012). Social Factors Buyers’ needs change incessantly. People desire to feel modern, special, and well situated. Therefore, people buy fashionable apparel and spend credit cards to fulfil their needs. M&S keeps up with the newest colour and style. Though it has high-ranking quality goods, M&S co. does not take into account the customers’ needs, particularly in clothing market (Marks & Spencer 2012). Technological Factors In the current era, information technology has be